What is a condition where the body is unable to function properly called?

The term "disease" specifically refers to a condition that disrupts the normal functioning of the body. It encompasses a wide range of health issues, including infections, genetic disorders, and chronic illnesses. When the body's systems are unable to operate effectively due to pathological changes, it typically falls under the category of disease. This highlights its significance in the study of health and medicine, as understanding diseases is crucial for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

On the other hand, injury refers to physical harm or damage to the body usually resulting from an external force, while ailment is a more general term that could apply to both physical and mental discomfort but does not necessarily imply a pathological condition like a disease. The term condition can refer to any state of health, whether healthy or unhealthy, and is less specific in its implications. Therefore, disease is the most precise term that describes a state where the body's function is impaired or abnormal.