What do we call molten rock that is found beneath the Earth’s surface?

Magma is the term used to describe molten rock that is located beneath the Earth's surface. It forms when the temperatures and pressures below the surface are high enough to melt rock materials. This molten rock can contain crystals, gases, and various mineral components. When magma rises to the Earth's surface and erupts through a volcano, it is then referred to as lava.

Granite and basalt are types of igneous rocks that form from the cooling and solidification of magma and lava, respectively. Granite is typically formed from slow-cooling magma deep underground, while basalt is produced from fast-cooling lava at the surface. Therefore, while all the terms are related to the processes involving rock and heat, magma specifically refers to the molten state of rock beneath the surface.