Which type of volcano is characterized by gentle eruptions of low-viscosity lava?

The correct answer highlights shield volcanoes, which are known for their gentle eruptions primarily consisting of low-viscosity lava. This specific type of lava allows it to flow smoothly over long distances, resulting in a broad, dome-like shape typical of shield volcanoes. The gentle eruptions are less explosive compared to other types of volcanoes, as the low viscosity of the lava allows gas to escape easily, preventing pressure buildup that can lead to violent eruptions.

In contrast, cinder cone volcanoes are characterized by more explosive eruptions and a steep conical shape, primarily built from volcanic ash and small rocks rather than the smooth, flowing lava associated with shield volcanoes. Stratovolcanoes, also known as composite volcanoes, are marked by their steep profiles and are composed of alternating layers of lava flows, ash, and other volcanic debris, often resulting in more violent eruptions due to the higher viscosity of the lava. Lava domes are formed from the slow extrusion of highly viscous lava, which typically leads to a mound-like structure and could also produce more explosive events. Such distinctions clarify why shield volcanoes are the correct choice for gentle lava eruptions.