What word is used to describe a situation where normal bodily functions fail?

The term "disease" is used to describe a situation where normal bodily functions fail because it encompasses a wide range of medical conditions that disrupt the body's homeostasis or normal physiological processes. Diseases can be caused by various factors including pathogens, genetic predispositions, environmental influences, or lifestyle choices. The defining characteristic of a disease is its impact on the body’s ability to function normally, presenting with a specific set of symptoms and signs.

In contrast, the other terms listed have different meanings. "Systemic" relates to something that affects the entire body or a specific system within the body but does not inherently imply failure of functions. "Malfunction" generally refers to a failure of a particular part or system without necessarily encompassing a broader definition of disease. "Deficiency" denotes a lack of something necessary for proper function, such as nutrients or hormones, which can lead to diseases but does not directly describe the overall state of failed bodily functions. Thus, "disease" is the most accurate term for this context.