What term refers to the column of bones that supports the body?

The term that specifically refers to the column of bones that supports the body is "backbone." The backbone, also known as the vertebral column, is made up of individual vertebrae that are stacked together to create a structure that not only supports the body but also protects the spinal cord, which runs through the center of this column. The backbone plays a critical role in maintaining an upright posture, allowing for flexibility and movement, and bearing the weight of the upper body.

While "spine" is often used interchangeably with "backbone," in many contexts, particularly in anatomical terminology, "backbone" is the more specific term used to describe this crucial structure that extends from the base of the skull to the pelvis. The other options, such as skeleton and cartilage, refer to broader or different elements of the skeletal system, and do not specifically identify the column of bones that supports the body.