What term refers to a physical object used to represent a larger real-world thing?

The term that refers to a physical object used to represent a larger real-world thing is "model." This implies a simplified or scaled-down version of an object, system, or concept that can help in understanding its features, processes, or functions. For instance, a model of a building might be constructed to showcase architectural design, allowing stakeholders to visualize the project before it is built. Models can be tangible (like a physical scale model) or conceptual, but they primarily serve the purpose of illustrating aspects of the larger entity they represent, making complex ideas more accessible.

In contrast, the other terms differ in their meanings. An example is a specific instance or case used to illustrate a concept but does not necessarily function as a representation of a larger object. A prototype is an initial or preliminary version of a product built to test or demonstrate its design before full production, which may not represent the final product accurately. A simulation involves the imitation of a process or system over time, often in a virtual environment, to study its behavior rather than serving as a physical representation.