What is the primary role of an astronaut?

The primary role of an astronaut is to conduct space missions. This encompasses a wide range of responsibilities, such as piloting spacecraft, performing experiments, conducting spacewalks, and operating equipment in the unique environment of space. Astronauts are trained extensively to handle various missions that may involve scientific research, technology demonstrations, and maintaining and repairing spacecraft systems. While teaching science, researching geology, and performing medical examinations could be components of their broader responsibilities depending on their specific mission or background, these tasks are secondary to the fundamental duty of executing successful space missions. The emphasis on hands-on experience and mission execution makes conducting space missions the central focus of an astronaut's role.