What is the function of the rib cage in the human body?

The rib cage's primary function is to protect vital organs, specifically the heart and lungs. This bony structure serves as a protective barrier against physical trauma and injury, ensuring that these essential organs are safeguarded during activities that could potentially cause harm, such as falls or impacts. Additionally, the rib cage plays a role in the respiratory system, facilitating breathing by allowing the lungs to expand and contract as air moves in and out of the body. The arrangement of ribs and their attachment to the sternum and vertebrae provides a stable yet flexible framework that supports the protection and functional capacity of the thoracic cavity.

While the rib cage does offer some support to the spine, its primary and most critical role pertains to the protection of the heart and lungs. It does not aid in digestion or regulate blood circulation, making its role in safeguarding thoracic organs the central reason for its importance in human physiology.